nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
语法
Existential sentences
https://mandarinbean.com/existential-sentences-2/

词汇
理发, haircut; 理解, understand; 理论, theory; 理由, reason; 办理/处理, handle; 管理, administration; 合理, reasonable; 整理, arrangement ”pinyin” )
https://mandarinbean.com/new-hsk-3-word-list/

Guardian:
龙城大学又死了一个学生, another dead student at Dragon City University
你一定会理解我的计划的, you are sure to understand my plan [then].

Me:
书桌上放着一个小笔记本。
我老公好久没去理发。
nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
语法
Order of attributives (adjectives etc.)
https://mandarinbean.com/order-of-attributives/

词汇
据说, allegedly; 证据, evidence ”pinyin” )
https://mandarinbean.com/new-hsk-3-word-list/

Guardian:
[hard to find examples of this kind, any ideas?]
据说就是这个丛波所谓的爆料揭秘, it's said this Cong Bo is a muckraker

Me:
你有没有一条黄色小泳衣?
据说他同时有三四个女朋友。
nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
语法
Topic-first sentences
https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Topic-comment_sentences

(I've skipped over the overview of 是...的 because it's hard to discuss in this format, but take a look: https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/The_%22shi..._de%22_patterns:_an_overview
de)

词汇
吹, blow (pinyin in tags)
https://mandarinbean.com/new-hsk-2-word-list/

Guardian:
你们几个的工作我都了解了, as for your work, I understand it all
这件事,你们没责任, you people are not responsible for this matter [does ZXC like this pattern?]
你脸上有灰,我帮你吹一吹, there's ash/dust on your face, I was blowing it away for you.

Me:
这样的问题我觉得真难。
冬天吹风的天很冷。
nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
语法
Doubled two-syllable adjectives (bottom of page)
https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Reduplication_of_adjectives

词汇
旁边, side; also many other 边 words such as 北边, north side; 东边, east side; 后边, behind; 里边, inside; 那边, there; 南边, south side; 前边, front; 上边, above; 外边, outside; 西边, west side; 下边, below; 一边, one side, on the one hand; 右边, right side; 这边, here; and 左边, left side. pinyin )
https://mandarinbean.com/new-hsk-1-word-list/

Link to introductory grammar (day 10)

Guardian:
我听得清清楚楚的, I heard it clearly.
可有这黑老哥亲自在旁边解说的还真是头一遭啊,but having Brother Black in person beside me to explain is a first.

Me:
我想舒舒服服地躺在沙发上做午睡呢。
你坐下在这里,姐姐的旁边。
nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
语法
Reduplicated adjectives! (top of page) I love these.
https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Reduplication_of_adjectives

词汇
女 or 女人, woman; also 女孩(儿)/女生, girl, 女儿, daughter, 女朋友, girlfriend pinyin )
https://mandarinbean.com/new-hsk-1-word-list/

Link to introductory grammar (day 9)

Guardian:
就是不知道这小小的一碗酒 I don't know, this little tiny cup of wine--
你是他们的女儿和妹妹, you're their daughter and sister.
沈教授,结婚了吗?肯定有女朋友吧, Professor Shen, are you married? You must have a girlfriend.

Me:
在超市里有很多圆圆的桃子。
因为我是女人,所以你不要以为我不会的。
nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
语法
Verbs with double objects: V + indirect object + direct object
https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Verbs_that_take_double_objects

词汇
渴, thirsty (pinyin in tags)
https://mandarinbean.com/new-hsk-1-word-list/

Guardian:
饿了就要吃饭,渴了就要喝水, if you're hungry you need to eat, if you're thirsty you need to drink water
你叫我什么? what did you call me? ;)
请有力量的伙伴们借我一份力量, so people with some power, please lend me some.

Me:
我好朋友送给我很多可爱的口罩。
小哥,我想问你一个问题。
nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
语法
Reduplication of two-syllable verbs (VV + VV) (bottom of page)
https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Reduplication_of_verbs

词汇
介绍, introduce (pinyin in tags)
https://mandarinbean.com/new-hsk-1-word-list/

Guardian:
给你介绍一下,这是赵处长,是我一朋友。Let me introduce you, this is Chief Zhao, a friend of mine.
*While less relevant for general language learning, I really love this one too: 行了,自我介绍一下。镇魂令主赵云澜,也就是你们一万年之后的衣钵传承之人。
**Apart from the above, it looks like almost every occurrence of 介绍 in the Guardian script is in the form of 给(人)介绍一下, probably worth learning as a set phrase?

有机会的话,你们可以互相讨论讨论. If you two have a chance at some point, you can talk together.

Me:
我妈和我老公没有共同语,所以给妈介绍的时候特别紧张了。(结果没问题)
收到这件工作之前,一定要好好考虑考虑。
nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
抱歉迟到了~ 我去了一趟小旅游,但昨天完全忘了给大家警告,不好意思啊。

语法
Reduplication of verbs (V + 一 + V) (middle of page)
https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Reduplication_of_verbs

词汇
姐姐 (or just 姐), older sister; also 小姐, Miss pinyin )
https://mandarinbean.com/new-hsk-1-word-list/

Guardian:
你们也瞧一瞧看一看吧, you guys keep an eye out too
我做了点小零嘴,你要不要尝一尝? I've made a little snack, do you want to try it?
我不仅是你的主治医生还是你的姐姐, I'm your older sister, not just your doctor

Me:
工作无聊了的时候,我常常跟网友聊一聊。
蓝小姐真漂亮。
nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
语法
Reduplication of verbs (V+V, top 1/3 of page)
https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Reduplication_of_verbs
(This grammar point is not complicated enough to need separating into multiple days, but I'm going to anyway because a) we can use a break after 了 hell and b) I find it cute and entertaining)

词汇
教, teach; also 教学楼, teaching building/academic wing (I have never seen this word even once, why is it in the list when more useful words like 教室 and 教授 aren't) pinyin )
nnozomi: (Default)
[personal profile] nnozomi
语法
Multiple verbs/actions in a row. This is more like the negative space of grammar, no prepositions or conjugations needed...
https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Actions_in_a_row

词汇
还, to return something (pinyin in tags). Same character as 还, still, but pronounced differently.
https://mandarinbean.com/new-hsk-1-word-list/

Guardian:
Goes without saying: 这条命是我还你的, this is the life I'm returning to you.
哎哟死猫啊,还知道回家睡觉啊。damn cat, so you still know how to get home to sleep.
怎么买回来这么些吃的呀? why did you get so much food to bring back?

Me:
他还没还去年向我借的书。
我一定要去超市买米饭,鸡肉,柠檬,水果什么的。
yaaurens: (Default)
[personal profile] yaaurens
In one of my discord servers, a discussion came up regarding how you know what order to put chunks of a sentence together, like if there's a bunch of adverbs/descriptors. This is a copypasta of what was explained.

1. there'a a general order that these adverbs go in 多层状语的排序取决于状语内部的逻辑关系和表义的需要。 when many adverbs are used in a sentence, they are arranged in an order that makes logical sense in relationship with the other content and the needs of the meaning it is expressing.

(this is the order) a、表目的或原因的介宾短语 describing purpose
b、表时间或处所的 describing time and place
c、表语气(副词)或对象的(介宾短语)describing tone of sentence or the recipient of action
d、 表情态或程度的。describing emotions and magnitude
另外, 表示对象的介宾短语一般紧挨在中心语前。 also, adverbs for the recipients are generally kept in the middle of the sentence

例:在休息室里 | 许多老师 | 昨天 | 都 | 同他 | 热情地交谈。[partitions added by me] example: In the break room | (there are) many teachers | yesterday | all | with him | chatted happily|

[正确次序:许多老师 | 昨天(时间)在休息室里(处所)都(范围)热情地(情态)同他(对象)交谈。] the correct sequence: Many teachers| yesterday (time) | in the break room (place) | all (magnitude) | happily (emotions) | with him (recipient of action) | chatted

Hopefully someone else finds this helpful too! It reminds me of adjective order in English, where we native speakers tend to learn them by osmosis and usage, and are never really taught the reason behind them.

Edited to make it easier to read instead of a big block of text!

thevetia: (Default)
[personal profile] thevetia
I have a weird little question on translation choices that I hope somebody here can answer for me about grammar.

I've seen some c-novels translated in present tense and some in past tense and I've wondered if there is something in the Chinese that makes one tense more accurate than the other, or if it's the translator's English tense preference.

I know that Chinese doesn't have tenses the way Indo-European languages do, but for Chinese speakers, does English present tense accurately reflect the feel of the narration in Chinese? While reading Chinese does one mentally suspend defining "past" while reading until a specific time marker indicates past action, so that everything mentally takes place in the "present" until told otherwise? Or is it like the traditional English "narrative past" that serves as a neutral tense for story-telling?

For example, how in Chinese would you distinguish between:

'Zhao Yunlan drives to the university.' (narrative present)

'Zhao Yunlan drove to the university.' (narrative past)

'Zhao Yunlan says to Shen Wei that he drove to the university.' (narrative present relating a past action)

'Zhao Yunlan said to Shen Wei that he drove to the university.' (narrative past relating a past action)

And just to be difficult: 'Zhu Hong suspects that Zhao Yunlan said to Shen Wei that he drove to the university, and then he takes/took him there.' (narrative present relating past actions at 2 different times)

Are all these distinctions in English unnecessary in Chinese?
presumenothing: (shen wei)
[personal profile] presumenothing

(If you heard those "de"s to the tune of Symphony No. 5 then yes that is 100% correct.)

Anyway! Following the sidetrack into 的、地、得 the other day I thought it might be fun (……to me, at least) to shake down the Guardian novel in a dark alley and see how many use cases fall out. Somehow that turned into this?

So: a fill-in-the-blanks exercise plus examples-by-use-case list! Courtesy of 镇魂 chapter 38 (aka midway through the Wang Zheng road trip arc, which I'm reading from here since it's still locked on JJWXC) and a random number generator.

有兴趣的话就来试试看吧!加油! (probably-unhelpful hint: 的 will be the correct answer in most cases anyway.)



的、地、得: the exercise

Answers are spoilered between the brackets (highlight to see); […] indicates omitted text.
ETA: Added underlines to mark out the phrases in question, so it'll (hopefully) be easier to parse/look up!

Some short phrases for starters…

斩魂使()脸依然云山雾绕看不见 […]

赵云澜顿了一下,缓缓()说:“死亡面前。”

赵云澜用力揉了揉眉心,哑声说:“还好,就是臭丫头这药下()没轻没重的,我头晕了一天了。”

more practice (here a de, there a de) )



的、地、得: answers grouped by use case

ETA: Translations added! Erring generally on the literal side, with some idiomatic notes for clarity.

ft. my non-knowledge of proper grammar terms )



Feel free to put any questions in the comments and I'll 尽力 to clarify with my less-than-rigorous grammar knowledge! Or general thoughts. Like whether Zhao Yunlan makes homework any better idk.

undeadrobins: (Guardian: Da Qing (Old Haixing))
[personal profile] undeadrobins
In my latest class, we were looking at the use of 得. This is something that I spent weeks trying to understand a few months back, but I realised that the teacher wasn't explaining it in a way that the others in the class could understand.

So, as my day job is rewriting stuff into plain English, I decided to give it a go. But I need someone who knows more Chinese than me to check I'm actually correct! This is a pretty simplified explanation, but I just wanted to help them get the basics.

I'd really appreciate any feedback on this.

-----

Usually when you use an adjective, you're describing a thing (noun), right? The girl is pretty (女孩很漂亮). That's an easy one.
 
But sometimes you want to describe an action (verb). In English, this is the adverb, which sometime end in -ly, but not always. She speaks loudly. He smiled happily. He plays tennis well. 
 
This is what 得 does. It changes the adjective into an adverb. So unlike in English where you might have to learn two different forms of the same word depending on what you want to describe (happy vs happily, or loud vs loudly), in Chinese, it uses the same character, but adds 得 in front of it.
 
With simple single-character verbs, such as 笑 (to smile), you simply add 得 before the adjective word or phrase (remembering to include 很 or other similar linking word, such as 非常, 不). 他笑得很高兴.
 
In cases where the verb has two or more characters, such as 睡觉, 跳舞 or 打篮球, you have to repeat the first character and add 得 before the adjective and the linking word. 他打网球打得很好. It's a little more complicated but it's the exact same idea.

-----
Does that a) make sense in English and b) actually explain it correctly?
undeadrobins: (Guardian: Shen Wei/Zhao Yunlan)
[personal profile] undeadrobins
 I picked this one up this morning, and it was a new one on me, but pretty useful and made up of hanzi I already knew!

好在 haozai, which means "luckily" or "fortunately".

我好在知道了这些汉字!

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